الحقائق الاجتماعية في رواية الأرواح المتمردة
Main Article Content
Abstract
Lebanon refugees are the most numerous immigrants among other Arab countries. Substantially, the Lebanese immigration occurred in the period of 1860-1914 with a total of approximately 330,000 refugees. Massive immigration is happening to Arab countries, North America, South America, Africa, Australia, and Europe. Historians claim that the cause of the massive immigration is a conflict between religions and political suppression. Researcher wanted to examine other factors that cause immigration, which was written in the novel Al-Arwāḥal-Mutamarridah by Jibrān Khalīl Jibrān, which describes events that took place in Lebanon at that time. So as works of art, the novel also reveals the historical facts. This research led to the conclusion that some expressions in this novel identify the factors that contribute to the Lebanese immigration, which is not revealed in the history books.
Article Details
Section
Artikel
References
Churhill, Colonel, Mount Lebanon, London: Sauders and Otley,1853
Fuad Hasan, Menapak Jejak Khalil Gibran, Jakarta: Dunia Pustaka Jaya, 2000
Ikram, A. Tentang Sastra, terj., Jakarta: Intermasa, 2001
Kuntowijoyo. 2006. Budaya dan Masyarakat, edisi Paripurna. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana.
Muzakki, A..Pengantar Teori Sastra Arab. Malang: UIN Malik Press, 2011
Saryono, D. Dasar Apresiasi Sastra, Yogyakarta: Elmatera Publishing, 2009
Siswanto, W. 2008. Pengantar Teori Sastra. Jakarta: Grasindo
Suheil Bushrui dan Joe Jenkins, Man and Poet, Jakarta: PT. Grasindo, 2000
Sumardjo, D., dan Saini. Apresiasi Kesusasteraan. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1997
Teeuw, A. 2003. Sastera dan Ilmu Sastera. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya, cet. III.